Volume : 4, Issue : 1, January - 2015

Risk factors of Congenital Heart Disease: A study in a Tertiary care Hospital

Dr. Rahul B Tamman, Dr. Goudappa R Patil, Dr. Ramesh. K

Abstract :

<p>INTRODUCTION< /> The most common congenital condition contributing to infant mortality is congenital heart disease with 1.5 million< /> new cases worldwide. The lack of studies in this field in our part of the world, and the lack of knowledge about the true determinants of CHD in< /> the pediatric population in our setup has prompted us to take such an initiative.< /> METHODOLOGY< /> We devised a case control study among pediatric patients who attend the ECHO examination. 125 cases and 200 controls were selected and were< /> interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed statistically using Chi square test for significance. The strength of association< /> was measured using Odds ratio and its 95% confidence limits. Binary Logistic Regression analysis was done following a forward step wise< /> method to eliminate confounders.< /> RESULT< /> Further analysis using binary logistic regression showed the significant risk factors for congenital heart disease to be:Low Birth Weight (&lt;2.5kg at< /> birth) babies; Corrected Odd&rsquo;s &ndash; 3.38; p value&lt; 0.001,Gestational Diabetes; Odd&rsquo;s &ndash; 3.41; p value &lt;0.001,Gestational Phenytoin Intake &ndash; Odd&rsquo;s 10.9;< /> p value &lt; 0.05. These 3 factors contributed to 15.3% of total risk factors according to Cox &amp; Snell R Square value.< /> CONCLUSION< /> In our setting the major risk factors of congenital heart disease were LBW, GDM &amp; Gestational Phenytoin consumption. </p>