Volume : 6, Issue : 1, January - 2017

CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME AND INFERTILITY IN 100 INFERTILE FEMALE CASES

Sunita Poriya, Sonia Kundu, Bhetariya Bharat, Nandini J. Desai

Abstract :

<p>&nbsp;Infertility&nbsp; is&nbsp; considered&nbsp; as&nbsp; a&nbsp; matter&nbsp; of&nbsp; inequality&nbsp; and&nbsp; social injustice,&nbsp; along&nbsp; with&nbsp; a&nbsp; major&nbsp; health&nbsp; problem.&nbsp; Among&nbsp; the&nbsp; causes&nbsp; for&nbsp; female&nbsp; infertility, polycystic&nbsp; ovarian syndrome (PCOS)&nbsp; is&nbsp; the&nbsp; most&nbsp; common&nbsp; cause&nbsp; of&nbsp; anovulatory&nbsp; infertility,&nbsp; being&nbsp; found&nbsp; in&nbsp; &sim;75%&nbsp; of cases.&nbsp; It affects approximately 5-10% of women of reproductive age group. With&nbsp; the advancement&nbsp; in&nbsp; hormonal&nbsp; assessment&nbsp; techniques, endometrial&nbsp; biopsy&nbsp; and Ultrasonography,&nbsp; PCOS&nbsp;&nbsp; has&nbsp; shown&nbsp; a&nbsp; remarkable&nbsp; increase&nbsp; in&nbsp; its&nbsp; incidence&nbsp; in&nbsp; recent years. &nbsp; OBJECTIVES: To Diagnose the &nbsp;cases of &nbsp;PCOS &nbsp;&nbsp;by using&nbsp; triad of &nbsp;ultrasonography ,biochemical investigations &nbsp;like &nbsp;LH, FSH &nbsp;and &nbsp;Prolactin &nbsp;levels &nbsp;and &nbsp;endometrial &nbsp;biopsy &nbsp;and &nbsp;thus&nbsp; evaluating &nbsp;the &nbsp;correlation &nbsp;of &nbsp;PCOS &nbsp;and&nbsp; infertility&nbsp; and &nbsp;the&nbsp; preferred&nbsp; treatment &nbsp;line. &nbsp; MATERIAL &nbsp;AND &nbsp;METHODS: &nbsp;This &nbsp;was &nbsp;a &nbsp;study &nbsp;of &nbsp;&nbsp;100 &nbsp;infertile &nbsp;females&nbsp; ( excluding &nbsp;the &nbsp;male &nbsp;factors) &nbsp;over &nbsp;a &nbsp;period &nbsp;of &nbsp;two &nbsp;years (2013-2015). &nbsp;Evaluation &nbsp;for PCOS &nbsp;was &nbsp;done &nbsp;using &nbsp;hormonal &nbsp;assay, &nbsp;ultrasonography &nbsp;and &nbsp;endometrial &nbsp;biopsy &nbsp;in &nbsp;a tertiary &nbsp;care &nbsp;hospital. RESULT: &nbsp;In &nbsp;our &nbsp;study, &nbsp;ovulatory &nbsp;defects &nbsp;were seen in 37 cases (37%) which &nbsp;constituted &nbsp;maximum &nbsp;number &nbsp;of cases &nbsp;in &nbsp;female&nbsp; infertility. PCOS&nbsp; constituted&nbsp; 18 cases (48.6%) of &nbsp;the &nbsp;ovulatory &nbsp;defects, maximum &nbsp;in &nbsp;the &nbsp;age &nbsp;group &nbsp;of &nbsp;26-30 years ( 38.9%), &nbsp;among &nbsp;which 72.2% &nbsp;were &nbsp;of primary &nbsp;infertility &nbsp;type. &nbsp;LH:FSH &nbsp;ratio &nbsp;was &nbsp;more &nbsp;than &nbsp;1.6 &nbsp;in &nbsp;88.9% &nbsp;of &nbsp;the PCOS &nbsp;cases. Maximum &nbsp;PCOS&nbsp; cases&nbsp; were correlating&nbsp; to&nbsp; the&nbsp; histopathological&nbsp; finding&nbsp; of&nbsp; anovulatory&nbsp; phase&nbsp; of&nbsp; endometrium&nbsp; and&nbsp; more&nbsp; than&nbsp; 50%&nbsp; were&nbsp; correlating&nbsp; with&nbsp; ultrasonographic finding&nbsp; of&nbsp; PCOS ovary. CONCLUSION: PCOS was the most common &nbsp;&nbsp;cause &nbsp;of &nbsp;infertility &nbsp;among &nbsp;young &nbsp;females &nbsp;of &nbsp;new generation. &nbsp;Combination &nbsp;of &nbsp;change &nbsp;in &nbsp;life &nbsp;style &nbsp;modifications &nbsp;and &nbsp;treatment &nbsp;including clomiphene &nbsp;citrate can &nbsp;lead &nbsp;to &nbsp;better &nbsp;outcome.</p>