Volume : 8, Issue : 3, March - 2019

SCREENING OF CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM BY CORD BLOOD T4-TSH - A HOSPITAL BASED PILOT STUDY

Dr Laxmaneshwar Kumar Soni, Dr Nimisha Rani

Abstract :

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the term applied to the hypothyroidism that is present at birth. It is a major preventable cause of mental retardation. It has an incidence of 1 in 4000 births in various neonatal screening programs. Cord blood remains a very practical alternative for screening purposes, and thus is the practice in some Asian countries.Early diagnosis and therapy of congenital hypothyroidism improves the intellectual outcome and growth of the baby. Aim : Screening of congenital hypothyroidism by T4-TSH values on cord blood sample. Objective :.To study prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism and Derive normative data of cord blood T4-TSH levels in our population Material And Methods : A Cross sectional , observational, Hospital based study conducted in Lt LAM Medical College, Raigarh (C.G.) during April 2018 to october 2018( 6 months).Total 500 neonates were included.Data was compiled in MS excel .Number and percentage was calculated for qualitative data and mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative data. Histogram was prepared for Quantitative data.Result : Out of 500 babies, 62 (12.4%) were > 3kg,197 (39.4%) were <2.5 kg & 241(48.2%) between 2.6 to 3kg. 213 (42.6%) were females & 278( 57.6%) were males. In our study, Out of 500 babies 24.8% had TSH value in the range of 0-10 mU/L & 75.2% between 10-20 mU/L. 266 (53.2) were delivered by LSCS & 234(46.8%) by NVD. Out of 500 mothers ,5(1%) had history of thyroid disorders, 13(2.6%) had PIH, 3(0.6%) had APH. No history of PPH in any mother.25 (5%)had PROM, 5 (1%) had oligohydramnios & 2(0.4%)had sickling . Mean age of mother was 24.11±3.16. Mean weight 53.32±3.09, Mean height 5.12±0.31.Mean weight of baby was 2.77±0.45, Mean length 41.31±4.05, Mean T4 was 6.61±2.32, TSH 12.43±2.76. Conclusion: We conducted study for the duration of 6 months with profile of 500 patients , with no patient having congenital hypothyroidism. In the present study the reference intervals of TSH, T4 were tried to establish. The results obtained are 6.8 – 17 mIU/L for TSH, 3.4 – 12.64 ng/dL for T4.The present study, similar to other studies, suggests that TSH levels in cord blood might be a feasible alternative specimen for a congenital hypothyroidism screening program in those areas where neonatal blood is not easily attainable.