Volume : 4, Issue : 7, July - 2015

Study of role of Upper G.I Scopy in patients of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Dr Kunal Modi, Dr Jatin Modi, Dr Jaimin Shah, Dr Krunal Chandana

Abstract :

<p>Background and Objectives: In the era of modern technology development also seen in medical field especially in surgical instrumentation, development of flexible endoscopy made the visualisation of upper and lower gastro intestinal tract for various conditions easier and now Gastroenterology field is difficult to image without endoscopy. Upper GI scopy, Upper Gastrointestinal Scopy also referred to as Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD), is a procedure that allows a doctor to examine the state of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy remains the gold standard in the diagnosis and management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic sclerotherapy has been the most successful and safest procedure in the management of first bleeding of oesophageal varices. Methods: A prospective study was conducted of 90 patients in Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College-Smt SCL Hospital during the period from 1stJuly 2011 to 30thSeptember 2013. All patients were indoor and OPD patients with age between 20 to 70 years and haemoglobin below 10. Each patient was studied in detail with relevant clinical history, examinations, laboratory investigations and management. Results: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding was more common in males than in females and the mean age in this study was 41 years with the range falling from 20 to 70 years with 57% were alcoholics and smokers. Peptic ulcer disease (43.3%) was the most common cause of upper GI bleeding followed by varices (33.3%). All the cases of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage secondary to oesophageal varices were subjected to endoscopic sclerotherapy with 1% sodium tetradocylsulphate which controlled the initial bleeding in 76% of cases.Gastric ulcers with bleeding were subjected to biopsy through endoscopy. Conclusion: Upper GI scopy was very useful in locating the site of bleed in all the cases, for taking biopsy for histopathological study in suspicious cases of pathological lesion and for sclerotherapy in cases with variceal bleeding. Endoscopic sclerotherapy has been found to be most successful and safe procedure in the initial arrest of bleeding due to oesophageal varices with least complications.</p>